1. **Stress Response**: When fish are caught, they experience stress, which can lead to physiological changes. The stress response can suppress their immune system, making them more susceptible to disease. Minimizing handling time is crucial to reduce stress.
2. **Physical Injuries**: Improper handling can cause physical injuries to fish, including bruises, scale loss, or damage to internal organs. Always wet your hands before touching a fish to protect its slime coat, which acts as a barrier against pathogens.
3. **Air Exposure**: Fish gills are adapted for water, and exposure to air can lead to damage and even death. Try to keep fish out of water for as short a time as possible. If you need to take a photo, use a quick grip or a net to minimize air exposure.
4. **Temperature Shock**: If you catch a fish from deep water, it may experience temperature shock when brought to the surface. This can be mitigated by releasing fish back to their habitat quickly and avoiding rapid temperature changes.
5. **Catch and Release Techniques**: Use barbless hooks to minimize injury and consider using a landing net to reduce stress. If you plan to release the fish, do so gently and support its body while returning it to the water.
6. **Reviving Fish**: If a fish appears lethargic after being caught, you can help revive it by holding it upright in the water, facing into the current, until it swims away on its own.
By being mindful of these factors, you can improve the survival rates of fish you catch and contribute to healthier aquatic ecosystems. Remember, respect for the fish and their environment is key to sustainable sport fishing practices!
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